Tarihin Imam Ahmad Ibn Hambal Rayuwarsa Da Gudumawar Sa Akan Addinin Musulunci.

Tarihin Imam Ahmad Ibn Hambal. ( Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Dhuhli ) أَحْمَد بْن حَنْبَل الذهلي.

 

IMAMU AHMAD IBN HAMBAL

 

 

Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Dhuhli, masanin shari’a musulmi ne, masanin tauhidi, mai kishin addini, masanin hadisi, kuma wanda ya assasa mazhabar Hanbali ta fikihun Sunna – daya daga cikin manyan mazhabobin shari’a guda hudu na Ahlus-Sunnah.

 

Haihuwa: 164 AH Wanda Yazo Dai-Dai Da, 780 miladiyya

 

An Haifeshi a Baghdad babban birnin kasar Iraki ne kuma birni na biyu mafi girma a kasashen Larabawa bayan Alkahira. Tana kan Tigris kusa da kango na tsohon birnin Akkadiya na Babila da kuma babban birnin Farisa na Sassanid na Ctesiphon.

 

MATSAYI: IMAMU AHLUS SUNNAH

 

Mutuwa: 241 AH

 

Ibn Hanbal ya rasu a ranar Juma’a 12 Rabi’ul-awwal, 241H/ 2 August, 855 yana da shekaru 74-75 a birnin Bagadaza na kasar Iraki. Masana tarihi sun bayyana cewa a ranar jana’izar sa ya samu halartar mazaje 800,000 da mata 60,000 kuma a wannan rana Kiristoci da Yahudawa dubu 20 ne suka musulunta

 

NASABA

 

Shi ne Ahmad Ibn Hambal Ibn Hilal Ibn Asad Ibn Idrees Ibn Abdullah Ibn Hayyan Ibn Abdullah Ibn Anas Ibn Auf Ibn Qasit Ibn Maazin Ibn Shayban Ibn Zahl Ibn Sa’alaba Ibn Ukaba Ibn Sa’ab Ibn Aliy Ibn Bakr Ibn Wa’il, Imam Abu Abdullah As Shayban, kamar yadda dansa Abdullahi ya nasabta shi.

 

NEMAN ILMI

 

Kadibul Bagdadi ya ce, an haifi Abu Abdullahi a Bagdaza, ya nemi ilmi a cikinta, sannan sai ya fita zuwa Kufa da Basra da Makka da Madina da Yamen da Sham da Jazira.

 

Imamu Ahmad ya haddace hadisai miliyan guda. Amma aka ce hadisan daga ma’aikin Allah ba su kai wannan adadin ba, saboda haka ana ganin ya hada da maganganun Sahabbai ne da Tabi’ai.

 

 

MALAMAI

 

Daga cikin fitattun Malaman da ya yi karatu a wajensu akwai, Hushaimu da Abdur Razak da Sufyanu Ibn Uyayna da Waki’u da Imamus Shafi’i da sauransu.

 

DALIBAI

 

Imamul Bukhari da Muslim da Abu Dauda sun ruwaici hadisai daga gare shi babu shamaki. Tirmizi da Nasa’i da Ibn Majah kuwa sun ruwaito daga gare shi amma da shamaki. ‘Ya’yansa guda biyu, Salihu da Abdullahi sun ruwaito daga gare shi. Malaminsa ma Imamus Shafi’i ya ruwaito daga gare shi.

 

Abu Dauda ya ce, majalisin Ahmad ta kasance majalisi ne na lahira, ba ya ambaton komai na duniya, ban taba ji ya ambaci duniya ba.

 

TSANTSENI

 

Imamu Ahmad yana da tsantseni sosai. Ya kasance ko kyauta ba ya karba a hannun mutane musamman ma masu mulki. Yana da tsananin bibiyar sunnah da kyamar bid’a.

 

GWAGWARMAYA

 

Imamu Ahmad ya sha gwagwarmaya sosai wajen fada da Akidar nan ta halittar Alkur’ani Mu’utazilawa da Jahamiyawa suka fara kirkiro da wannan bidi’ar a zamanin Rashid. Bayan da Ma’amun ya hau mulki ya yarda da wannan ra’ayin inda ya fara kama malamai da suke inkarin wannan ra’ayi cikinsu har da Imamu Ahmad.

 

Imamu Ahmad ya kasance a daure cikin sarka har zuwa lokacin Mu’utasim. An ci gaba da tsare shi ana kawo shi gaban Mu’utasim don ya yarda da wannan karkataccen ra’ayi amma ya ki yarda, aka yi ta masa bulalu amma yaki ba da gari. Haka a ka yi ta azabtar da Imamu Ahmad na tsawan shekaru biyu da wata hudu amma bai canza maganarsa ba har aka hakura aka sake shi.

 

Bayan Mutuwar Mu’utasim, Alwasik ya zama Kalifa Imamu Ahmad ya warke daga raunukan da aka ji masa. Alwasik shi ma ya ci gaba da takun-saka da Imamu Ahmad.

 

Bayan mutuwar Alwasik, Mutawakkil ya zama Kalifa. Daga bisani ya dauke Imamu Ahmad daga Bagdaza har aka yi masa daurin talala a Askar.

 

Mutawwakkil ya yi kokarin kyayratawa Imamu Ahmad amma ba ya karba kyautarsa da ma abincinsa. Haka ya ci gaba da rayuwa cikin yunwa da Azimi.

 

Daga karshe an yi masa izinin komawa garin Bagdaza.

 

Wani Malami Ibrahim alharbi a zamanin yake cewa, ban taba ganin mutumin da Allah ya tara masa imin mutanan farko da na karshe ba kamar Imam Ahmad, ana yi masa lakabi da imam Ahlussunnah saboda jajircewarsa da tsananin riko da Sunnah lokacin fitinar: cewa kur’ani makhluq ne, wanda imam Ahmad ya tsaya a kan cewa kur’ani zancen Allah ne kuma ba makhluq ba ne.

 

Imam kutaiba yana cewa: mafi alkhairin mutane a zamaninmu shine: Ibn Mubarak sannan wannan saurayin, wato Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, idan ka ga mutum yana son imam Ahmad to ka tabbatar cewa wannan mutumin Ahlussunnah ne

 

MUTUWA

 

Imamu Ahmad ya kamu da rashin lafiya laraba biyu ga watan Rabi’ul Auwal, ya shafe kwana tara yana jinya. Ranar Juma’a 12 ga watan ya bar duniya yana da shekaru 77 a duniya a shekara ta 241 bayan hijira rahimahullah.